Overview

Commercially pure wrought Nickel with good mechanical properties over a wide range of temperature and excellent resistance to many corrosives, in particular hydroxides.

Good resistance to corrosion in acids and alkalis and is most useful under reducing conditions. Outstanding resistance to caustic alkalis up to and including the molten state. In acid, alkaline and neutral salt solutions the material shows good resistance, but in oxidizing salt solutions severe attack will occur. Resistant to all dry gases at room temperature and in dry chlorine and hydrogen chloride may be used in temperatures up to 550C. Resistance to mineral acids varies according to temperature and concentration and whether the solution is aerated or not. Corrosion resistance is better in de-aerated acid.

Applications

Manufacture and handling of sodium hydroxide, particularly at temperature above 300C.

Production of viscose rayon. Manufacture of soap.

Analine hydrochloride production and in the chlorination of aliphatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, methane and ethane.

Manufacture of vinyl chloride monomer.

Reactors and vessels in which fluorine is generated and reacted with hydrocarbons.

Chemical Composition, %

Stranded Wire

For geometrical reasons, the lowest number of strands usually seen is 7: one in the middle, with 6 surrounding it in close contact. The next level up is 19, which is another layer of 12 strands on top of the 7. After that the number varies, but 37 and 49 are common, then in the 70 to 100 range (the number is no longer exact). Even larger numbers than that are typically found only in very large cables.
For application where the wire moves, 19 is the lowest that should be used (7 should only be used in applications where the wire is placed and then does not move), and 49 is much better. For applications with constant repeated movement, such as assembly robots and headphone wires, 70 to 100 is mandatory.

For applications that need even more flexibility, even more strands are used (welding cables are the usual example, but also any application that needs to move wire in tight areas). One example is a 2/0 wire made from 5,292 strands of #36 gauge wire. The strands are organized by first creating a bundle of 7 strands. Then 7 of these bundles are put together into super bundles. Finally 108 super bundles are used to make the final cable. Each group of wires is wound in a helix so that when the wire is flexed, the part of a bundle that is stretched moves around the helix to a part that is compressed to allow the wire to have less stress.

Other areas of usage include motorcycle muffles, in certain areas in the microbiological lab apparatus, as the heating element of plastic extruders by the RepRap 3D printing community, in the solar panel deployment mechanism of spacecraft Lightsail-A, and as the heating coils of electrical cigarretes.