Diamond Drill Bit PDC Drill Bit of Hole Drilling Tools

Fixed cutter bits were the first type of drill bit employed in rotary drilling, and they are mechanically much simpler than rolling cutter bits.

Because the cutting elements do not move relative to the bit, there is no need for bearings or lubrication.

The most common cutting element in use today is the polycrystalline diamond cutter (PDC), a sintered tungsten carbide cylinder with one flat surface coated with a synthetic diamond material.

The cutters are arranged on the blades of the bit in a staggered pattern with the diamond coated cutter surface facing the direction of bit rotation to provide full coverage of the borehole bottom.

Other fixed cutter bits may employ natural industrial-grade diamonds or thermal stable polycrystalline diamond (TSP) cutting elements.

Matrix body PDC bit: This type of diamond PDC bit is made of tungsten carbide powder, and the gauge protection is TSP.

Steel body PDC bit: With the AISI 4145H heat treatment steel (America standard steel ), the steel body PDC bit can be used for high-quality CNC machines milling pockets, blade, nozzles.

PDC Drill Bits Classification by Applications:

Mining Industry

There are some 3-blade PDC bits mainly used for the mining industry in Australia and Russia, the formation is very soft. choosing a steel body PDC bit can save some drilling costs.

Water well drilling

Having higher ROP, diamond PDC drill bits are also widely used as water well drill bits for geothermal drilling.

Oil & Gas drilling

- It is the most widely used bit in the Oil &Gas drilling. Hydraulic factors are very important during drilling.

- PDC bits have been used in the areas that can't be available previously, such as harder, more abrasive, and more variable formations.

- The diamond PDC bit is mainly composed of the bit body, cutting teeth, nozzle, gauge protection, and API Thread connection.

Cutters

The primary contact point of a drill bit is its PDC cutters, which are made of Polycrystalline Diamond Composite (PDC).
PDC bits excel at efficiently removing rock by chopping through it.
Operating in a challenging environment, PDC cutters experience frequent heating and cooling within the well.
To maximize performance, PDC cutters with superior thermal stability and minimal thermal deterioration are preferred.
These optimized cutters demonstrate higher Rate of Penetration (ROP) and enhanced wear resistance.

Nozzles
Drill bit nozzles play a crucial role in maintaining the temperature of the PDC cutters and clearing the cutting zone.
By keeping the PDC cutters cool, the nozzles contribute to their longevity and performance.
The positioning and angle of these nozzles significantly influence the effectiveness of the drill bit. Properly placed nozzles ensure efficient cooling and help prevent heat-related issues.
Additionally, the strategic arrangement of fluid channels, in conjunction with the nozzle location, facilitates improved removal of cuttings during drilling operations.

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