PFM dental crowns, also known as porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns, are a type of dental restoration used to repair damaged or decayed teeth. They are a popular choice due to their durability and aesthetic appeal.

Here's how PFM dental crowns work:

1. Preparation: The dentist will start by preparing the tooth that will receive the crown. This involves removing any decayed or damaged portions of the tooth and shaping it to accommodate the crown.

2. Impression: An impression of the prepared tooth is taken using dental putty or digital scanning technology. This impression serves as a guide for the dental laboratory to fabricate the crown.

3. Temporary crown: While the permanent crown is being created, a temporary crown is placed over the prepared tooth to protect it.

4. Crown fabrication: The dental laboratory uses the impression to create the PFM crown. The crown consists of a metal substructure, usually made of a high-noble or noble metal alloy, such as gold or a non-precious metal alloy. This metal substructure provides strength and support for the crown.

5. Porcelain application: Porcelain or ceramic material is then fused to the metal substructure. This outer layer of porcelain gives the crown a natural appearance, mimicking the color and translucency of natural teeth.

6. Crown placement: Once the permanent crown is ready, the temporary crown is removed, and the permanent crown is placed over the prepared tooth. The dentist will check the fit and make any necessary adjustments before permanently cementing the crown in place.

PFM dental crowns offer several advantages:

1. Aesthetics: The porcelain exterior of the crown can be color-matched to the surrounding teeth, providing a natural and aesthetically pleasing result.

2. Strength and durability: The metal substructure gives PFM crowns added strength, making them suitable for restoring both front and back teeth.

3. Longevity: With proper care, PFM crowns can last for many years, providing a durable and reliable restoration.

4. Versatility: PFM crowns can be used in various dental situations, including cases where more extensive tooth structure has been lost.