1. Expansion joints(compensators)
Expansion joints, also known as compensators, utilize flexible bellows to compensate for stresses in pipelines and vessels due to temperature changes and vibrations. They can handle dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion/contraction and axial/lateral/angular displacements. They also reduce noise and vibrations, especially in heating systems. Placed on heating pipelines, compensators absorb thermal expansion, relieving stress on pipe walls and structures. These elastic components are reliable, compact, and widely used in chemical, metallurgy, and nuclear industries. Vessel expansion joints are commonly U-shaped, while pipeline joints are classified as universal, pressure balanced, hinged, or gimbal types.
Main Item | Classification | Description |
Metal Expansion Joint | Elbow Expansion Joint | Bend the pipe into a U-shaped or other shape, also known as tension bends,are a type of expansion joint that utilizes the elastic deformation ability of the form to compensate. Its advantages are good strength, long service life, and on-site production.The disadvantages are space-consuming, high steel consumption, and high friction resistance. This type of expansion joint is widely used in various steam piping and long pipes. |
Bellows Expansion Joint
| A bellows expansion joint is an expansion joint made of metal bellows. It can expand and contract along the axial direction of the pipeline, and also allows a small amount of bending. In order to prevent exceeding the allowable compensation amount, protective rods or rings are installed at both ends of the bellows, and guide supports are installed on both ends of the connected pipelines. There are also angular and lateral expansion joints, which can be used to compensate for rotational deformations and lateral deformations of pipelines. The advantages of these expansion joints are space-saving, material-saving, easy standardization, and mass production, but the disadvantage is the relatively short lifespan. Bellows expansion joints are generally used in short pipelines with low temperature and pressure. With the improvement of bellows production technology, the application scope of this type of expansion joint is expanding. Currently, bellows expansion joints can be used in pipe systems with a maximum pressure of 6.0 MPa. | |
Slip-Type Expansion Joint | The slip-type expansion joint has inner and outer sleeves that move axially relative to each other, sealed with a stuffing box. It's designed to maintain axial alignment of pipe ends and compensate for axial expansion and rotation. Made of sleeves, shells, and sealing materials, it's compact yet provides significant compensation, ideal for hot water, steam, and grease applications. Using a self-sealing dynamic seal, it accommodates pipeline movement and ensures leak-free operation, even at high temperatures of up to 350 degrees Celsius. | |
Non-metallic Expansion Joint | Rubber Expansion Joint | Composed of rubber and rubber-fiber composite materials, steel flanges, sleeves, and insulation materials, it is mainly used for flexible connections between various fans and ducts. Its functions include shock absorption, noise reduction, sealing, medium resistance, easy displacement and installation. It is an ideal accessory for shock absorption, noise reduction, smoke and dust removal in the field of environmental protection. |
Fabric Expansion Joint | The fabric expansion joint is mainly made of fiber fabric, rubber, and other high temperature resistant materials. It can compensate for the vibration and deformation of fans and ducts.Fabric expansion joints can compensate for axial, lateral, and angular products, with features such as no thrust, simplified support design, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, noise reduction, vibration reduction,and others.It is particularly suitable for hot blast pipes and smoke and dust pipeline of power plant.The non-metallic compensator's fiber fabric and insulation cotton itself have the functions of sound absorption and vibration isolation, therefore they can effectively reducing the noise and vibration of boiler, fan, and other systems. Simple structure, light weight, and easy maintenance. |
1. Super Austenitic Stainless Steel:
- 254SMO
- 904L
- AL6XN
2. Duplex Stainless Steel:
- 2205 Dual phase steel (S31803)
3. Nickel Based Alloy Steel:
- INCOLOY800/800H/800HT/840/825
- INCONEL600/601/690/625/X-750
4. Hastelloy Alloy:
- C-276/C-22/X
- MONEL400/K500
5. Pure Nickel:
- N4, N6 (Ni200, Ni201)
6. Titanium Plate For Stamping:
- GR1, GR2, TA1, TA2
7. Austenitic Stainless Steel:
- SUS304, SUS304L, SUS316, SUS316L, SUS310S, SUS321, SUS316Ti
Each material has specific properties and applications in various industries ranging from chemical engineering to aerospace and marine engineering.
2. Non-metallic Expansion joints
Non-metallic compensators can be divided into the following types: straight cylindrical non-metallic expansion joints, compound non-metallic expansion joints, angular non-metallic expansion joints, and square non-metallic expansion joints.
Rectangular non-metallic compensators are mainly used in flue ducts of power plants to absorb thermal displacement and/or shock absorption. The connection types for rectangular non-metallic compensators include flange connection and nozzle connection.
Compensating segment length(h/m)
| 100 | 200 | 250 | 300 | 350 | 400 | 450 | 500 | 550 | 600 | 650 | 700 | 800 | 900 | |
Compensation volume(nm)
| Axial displacement (x/m) | -30 | -50 | -75 | -85 | -105 | -125 | -130 | -140 | -165 | -175 | -195 | -205 | -225 | -240 |
+15 | +20 | +30 | +36 | +45 | +45 | +50 | +55 | +58 | +62 | +66 | +70 | +74 | +80 | ||
Lateral displacement (y/m) | ±10 | ±15 | ±25 | ±30 | ±45 | ±50 | ±60 | ±68 | ±7o | ±73 | ±75 | ±80 | ±85 | ±90 | |
Working Temperature (t°C) | a=100-200,b=200-300,c=300-450,d=450-500,e=500-600,f=600-700,g=700-1000 | ||||||||||||||
Working pressure P(Kpa) | ±10~±300,if the user requires, the pressure beyond the range, can be designed separately. | ||||||||||||||
Flow rate | a——b | v=8——15 | |||||||||||||
c——d | v=8——20 |
1. Gas Turbine Exhaust Ducts:Expansion joints are used to compensate for thermal expansion and contraction in gas turbine exhaust ducts, which experience high temperatures and mechanical stresses.
2. Desulfurization Systems: In desulfurization systems, expansion joints help accommodate movements caused by temperature variations and equipment operation, ensuring efficient operation and preventing damage.
3. Flue Ducts and Exhaust Systems: Expansion joints are essential components in flue ducts and exhaust systems across various industries, including power plants, refineries, and manufacturing facilities. They compensate for thermal expansion, vibrations, and misalignments, prolonging the lifespan of the system.
4. Coal-Fired Boilers and Circulating Sulfurized Bed Boilers: Expansion joints are crucial in coal-fired boilers and circulating sulfurized bed boilers to absorb thermal expansion and contraction, reducing stress on the pipelines and components.
5. Flue Ducts of Waste Heat Boilers: Waste heat boilers generate steam by capturing waste heat from industrial processes. Expansion joints in their flue ducts accommodate movements caused by temperature changes, ensuring optimal performance and safety.
3. Fiber fabric compensators / expansion joints
Features of Fabric Compensators (Fiber Fabric Compensators)/Expansion Joints:
Fabric compensators, also known as fiber fabric compensators or expansion joints, are versatile components that offer numerous benefits in various industrial applications. Their unique design and material properties allow them to serve a multitude of functions efficiently and reliably.
Purpose:
These compensators are designed to compensate for both axial and angular displacement in pipelines and ducts. Their key features include the elimination of thrust forces, simplified support design, corrosion resistance, high-temperature tolerance, noise reduction, and vibration isolation. These attributes make fabric compensators especially suitable for use in hot air ducts and flue ducts where temperature fluctuations and vibrations can be challenging.
Parameters Table for Circular Non-Metallic Compensators/Expansion Joints:
The following table outlines the key parameters for circular non-metallic fabric compensators/expansion joints:
Circular product specifications | Dw | D1 | D2 | D3 | b | d | Number of bolt holes(n) |
mm | |||||||
Φ108 | 108 | 200 | 164 | 110 | 10 | 14 | 4 |
Φ159 | 159 | 251 | 215 | 161 | 8 | ||
Φ219 | 219 | 311 | 275 | 221 | |||
Φ273 | 273 | 365 | 330 | 275 | 12 | ||
Φ325 | 325 | 427 | 385 | 327 | |||
Φ377 | 377 | 479 | 435 | 379 | |||
Φ426 | 426 | 528 | 490 | 428 | |||
Φ480 | 480 | 595 | 540 | 483 | 12 | 18 | |
Φ530 | 530 | 645 | 600 | 533 | |||
Φ630 | 630 | 745 | 700 | 633 | |||
Φ720 | 720 | 843 | 800 | 723 | 16 | ||
Φ820 | 820 | 943 | 900 | 823 | 20 | ||
Φ920 | 920 | 1043 | 1000 | 923 | |||
Φ1020 | 1020 | 1153 | 1100 | 1023 | 14 | 22 | |
Φ1120 | 1120 | 1253 | 1200 | t123 | |||
Φ1220 | 1220 | 1353 | 1300 | 1223 | |||
Φ1320 | 1320 | 1453 | 1400 | 1323 | 24 | ||
Φ1420 | 1420 | 1553 | 1500 | 1423 | 16 | 28 | |
Φ1820 | 1820 | 1963 | 1910 | 1823 | 26 | ||
Φ2020 | 2020 | 2163 | 2110 | 2023 | 32 | ||
Φ2220 | 2220 | 2363 | 2310 | 2223 | 18 | 36 | |
Φ2420 | 2420 | 2563 | 2510 | 2423 | 40 | ||
Φ2820 | 2820 | 2983 | 2915 | 2823 | 20 | 32 | 44 |
Φ3220 | 3220 | 3383 | 3315 | 3223 | 22 | 52 | |
Φ3620 | 3620 | 3783 | 3715 | 3623 | 56 |