A cleanroom is a specially controlled workspace designed to reduce the number of airborne dust particles, micro-particles, microorganisms, and other contaminants to extremely low levels. Cleanrooms are widely used in industries such as semiconductor manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, aerospace, optics, and precision instrument production, ensuring that products are not adversely affected by environmental contamination during production and testing.

Main Characteristics of a Cleanroom

1. Air Purification

   • Filtration Systems: Cleanrooms usually employ high-efficiency filtration equipment such as HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) or ULPA (Ultra Low Penetration Air) filters, which can remove 99.97% or more of even the smallest particles.
   • Airflow: Air is continuously renewed and uniformly distributed inside the room using either laminar (unidirectional) or mixed airflow patterns to prevent the accumulation of contaminants.

2. Temperature and Humidity Control

   • To ensure the stability of the production process and product quality, cleanrooms typically maintain a constant temperature—generally between 20°C and 22°C—and relative humidity between 30% and 60%.

3. Positive Pressure System

   • Cleanrooms are often designed to operate under positive pressure, meaning that when people or items enter the cleanroom, the air inside flows outward, preventing unfiltered external air from entering and compromising the clean environment.

4. Materials and Surface Treatments

   • Internal structures and equipment are usually made of materials that minimize particle generation, such as stainless steel or epoxy-coated surfaces. These smooth surfaces are easy to clean and disinfect, reducing the likelihood of contaminant retention.

5. Personnel Management and Operational Procedures

   • Personnel entering a cleanroom must wear specialized protective clothing, masks, gloves, and booties to prevent dust and microorganisms from their bodies from contaminating the environment.
   • Transition areas such as gowning rooms and airlocks are typically set up to ensure that people undergo a strict decontamination process before entering the main clean area.

6. Monitoring and Control Systems

   • Cleanrooms are equipped with continuous monitoring systems that track particle counts, temperature, humidity, and pressure differentials.
   • Automated control systems adjust environmental conditions in real time to ensure that the room always meets the predefined standards.

Applications of a Cleanroom

• Semiconductor Manufacturing: To prevent defects caused by microscopic particles during chip and integrated circuit production.
• Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology: Used for sterile production and biological experiments, preventing bacterial and fungal contamination of drugs and biopharmaceuticals.
• Aerospace: Ensures the reliability and performance of critical equipment such as satellites and spacecraft by maintaining extremely low contamination levels.
• Optics and Precision Instrument Manufacturing: In applications like laser manufacturing, microscopes, and high-end optical components, cleanrooms ensure precision and stability.

Technical Data