Trough - type liquid distributor tower internal design and manufacturing

We apply the following principles for liquid distribution:

1. For clean systems with standard turndown, we use perforations at the bottom of the distribution troughs;
2. For low liquid loads and wide operating ranges, we often use Orifices, weirs or attached distribution pipes on the sides of individual troughs;
3. For systems where the risk of fouling exists, Overflow distribution (e.g. via weirs on trough sides) is arranged.
4. Overflow drip pipes where the risk for fouling exists.
5. Spray nozzles are adopted particularly for pipe type distributors for solid- free systems
6. Combination uses of the above methods.

When assessing liquid distribution design, we must consider several key principles. They depends on the following requirements:

• Working range
• Liquid properties
• Potential for fouling
• Allowable entrainment
• Liquid load to be distributed

The number of drip points generally ranges between 60-150/m², depending on the particular application.

Main reference dimensions of spray distributor

Liquid distributor position and simple drawing:

Materials of construction

Tower internals can be made of types of materials. Usually it is carbon steel or stainless steel. However exotic metals such as Hastelloy alloys, titanium and other steel types are sometimes required.

There is a brief list of possible materials below.

Carbon Steel / 410 Stainless Steel / 304 Stainless Steel / 316L Stainless Steel / 321 Stainless Steel

Monel / Inconel / Nickel / Titanium / Duplex 2205 / Hastelloy alloys

Please specify if you need other materials not listed here.

When we decide what type of internals are best suitable for a given tower, like for distillation, fractionation or other mass transfer process, we must consider many factors. The desired capacity, efficiency, turndown, pressure drop, corrosion, fouling and previous plant experience are all of importance.

Hualai has successfully served the process industries such as oil refineries, chemical plants, etc. Let us apply this experience to your project to assure a successful result and continued success of your plant.

Welcome your contact with your private tower internals plan or ideas!