6200-20-0977 Mindray PM7000 Patient Monitor Encoder Knob

The role of the encoder

1.Introduction

An encoder is a hardware/software device that converts an analog video signal (such as a bit stream) or data into a digital signal that can be used for communication, transmission and storage. Encoders are widely used. They are mainly used to detect the speed, position, angle, distance or count of mechanical motion. In addition to being used in machinery, many motor controls such as servo motors need to be equipped with encoders for motor controllers as commutation , speed and position detection.

2. Classification

1. Classified according to different working principles (1) Incremental type: It sends out a pulse signal every time the angle of the unit is turned

(there is also a sine and cosine signal, and then subdivides it, chopping out a pulse with a higher frequency) , usually A-phase, B-phase, Z-phase

output, A-phase, B-phase is the pulse output of mutual delay 1/4 cycle, according to the delay relationship can distinguish positive and negative,

and by taking the rise and fall of A-phase, B-phase The frequency can be multiplied by 2 or 4 along the edge; the Z phase is a single-turn pulse,

that is, a pulse is sent out per circle. (2) Absolute value type: corresponding to one circle, each reference angle emits a unique binary value

corresponding to the angle, and multiple positions can be recorded and measured through an external circle recording device. 2. According to

different readout methods, it can be divided into: contact type and non-contact type. 3. According to the output type of the signal, it is divided into:

voltage output, open collector output, push-pull complementary output and long-line drive output. 4. Classified by encoder mechanical installation

form (1) Shaft type: shaft type can be divided into clamping flange type, synchronous flange type and servo installation type, etc. (2) Shaft sleeve

type: The shaft sleeve type can be divided into half hollow type, full hollow type and large diameter type. 5. According to the working principle of

the encoder, it can be divided into: photoelectric type, magnetoelectric type and contact brush type.

What are the functions of the encoder?

Encoder is a kind of sensor (Sensor), which is mainly used to detect the speed, position, angle, distance or count of mechanical movement. In

addition to being used in industrial machinery, many motor control servo motors and BLDC servo motors are An encoder is required for the motor

controller to detect phase commutation, speed, and position, so it has a wide range of applications. According to the detection principle, the

encoder can be divided into optical, magnetic, inductive and capacitive. According to its scale method and signal output form, it can be divided

into incremental encoder and absolute encoder. Photoelectric encoders use the principle of grating diffraction to realize displacement-to-digital

conversion. They have been used in machine tools and computing instruments since the 1950s. Because of their simple structure, high

measurement accuracy, and long life, they have been valued and promoted at home and abroad. Positioning, speed, length, acceleration,

vibration, etc. have been widely used. Contact encoder—Using brush output, a brush contacts a conductive area or an insulating area to indicate

whether the state of the code is "1" or "0". Non-contact encoder——The receiving sensitive element is a photosensitive element or a magnetic

sensitive element. When a photosensitive element is used, the light-transmitting area and the opaque area are used to indicate whether the state

of the code is "1" or "0". Incremental encoder—converts the displacement into a periodic electrical signal, and then converts the electrical signal

into counting pulses, and uses the number of pulses to represent the magnitude of the displacement. When the rotating shaft rotates, there is a

corresponding pulse output, and the counting starting point can be set arbitrarily, which can realize multi-turn infinite accumulation and

measurement. Absolute encoder - a sensor that directly outputs digital quantities, often used in motor positioning or speed measurement

systems. Because each angular position corresponds to a unique digital code, its indication value is only related to the start and end positions of

the measurement, but has nothing to do with the middle process of the measurement. Rotary Incremental Encoder——Output pulses when

rotating, and know its position through the counting device. When the encoder does not move or is powered off, it relies on the internal memory of

the counting device to remember the position. Multi-turn absolute encoder——Using the principle of clock and watch gear machinery, when the

central code disc rotates, another set of code discs (or multiple sets of gears, multiple sets of code discs) are driven through the gears, and then

on the basis of single-turn encoding Increase the coding of the number of turns to expand the measuring range of the encoder, and the coding is

determined by the mechanical position. The coding of each position is unique and does not need to be memorized.

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