1. Products Overview

Step motor is an executive agency that converts electrical pulses into corner displacement. You can control the angle displacement by controlling the number of pulses to achieve the purpose of accurate positioning. At the same time, you can control the speed and acceleration of the motor rotation by controlling the pulse frequency to achieve the purpose of the speed regulation.

The hybrid step motor is currently the most widely used step motor, and everyone is familiar with the stepper motor. Here, we briefly introduce how to choose the right step motor for our applications.

How to choose the right step motor for our applications?

The choice of stepping motor torque

The torque of the stepping motor is similar to the "power" of traditional motors. Of course, there is an essential difference. The physical structure of the stepping motor is completely different from AC and DC motors and the output power can be variable.

Generally, we select the motor size according to the torque need in operation. For example, if the torque needed is less than 0.8N.M, frame size 20/28/35/39/42mm stepper motors are suitable. If the required torque is about 1N.M, select 57mm motor. When the required torque is several N.M or even more, usually selected stepping motors with frame size 86/110/130mm or bigger.

The stepping motor speed selection

Special consideration should be taken for the speed of the target stepper motor. Because the output torque of the motor is inversely proportional to the speed. That is to say, when the stepper motor speed is low (500-600 rpm or lower speed per minute), its output torque is larger. When the motor speed is increasing, the motor toque will be decreasing and especially when with the speed of 1000rpm and above.

Sometimes when high-speed motors are needed, the coil resistance, inductance and other indicators of the stepped motor must be considered carefully. Choose a motor with a slightly less inductance is better, as the output torque is normally higher. However, if want low speed and big torque, a stepper motor with inductance no less than 10mH is better.

Selection of no-load-starting frequency

This is a more important indicator for buying motors. If it is required to start and stop frequently within a short time, and the speed is about 1000 rpm (or higher), it is usually necessary to "accelerated startup", i.e need a motor with high no-load-starting frequency.

Phase selection

Regarding to the choice of the number of step motor phases, many customers do not pay enough attention. In fact, the performance of stepper motors with different phases are different. The more phases, the smaller the steps can be done, and the vibration at work is smaller. In most occasions, two-phase motors are enough. However, if higher performances needed, especially for precision or smoothness, 3-phase or 5-phase can be better.

Select the protection level

There are special step motors, such as water-proof and oil-proof, dust-proof for some special occasions. For example, underwater robots, or fountain etc. need waterproof motors.

Other special specifications

If u need special step motors, please contact us. Within the scope of technical permission, we are happy to provide you with customized services, including but not limited to, current, torque, speed, hollow shaft, dual axis, coder, band, belt Brakes, etc.

Although the stepper motor and its control technology are currently very mature, if not used properly, there may still be a situation of step loss, that is, position error etc. Here, we will analyze some problems and solutions.

Losing pulses when changing direction leads to inaccurate positioning

When changing direction, the pulse is lost, which means that it is accurate in any direction, but as soon as the direction is changed, errors accumulate, and the more times it is changed, the more biased it is.

Solution: Generally, stepper drivers have certain requirements for direction and pulse signals. For example, the direction signal is determined a few microseconds before the first rising or falling edge of the pulse (different drivers have different requirements) arrives. Otherwise, there will be a pulse that runs in the opposite direction of the actual required direction. Finally, the problem will appear as it deviates more and more, with smaller subdivisions becoming more prominent. The main solution is to use software to change the logic of the pulse or add a delay.

The initial speed is too high and the acceleration is too large, which sometimes causes stepping loss.

Solution: Due to the characteristics of the stepper motor, the initial speed should not be too high, especially when the load inertia is large. It is recommended to have the initial speed below 1r/s, so that the impact is small. If the same acceleration is too large, it will also have a large impact on the system, which is simple overshoot

Insufficient motor output torque

Solution: Increase the motor current appropriately, increase the voltage of the progressive driver (pay attention to the optional driver), and choose a motor with higher torque.

Environmental electromagnetic interference causes mis-operation of the controller or driver, resulting in inaccurate positioning.

It is necessary to identify the source of disturbance and reduce its electromagnetic interference on the stepper system, such as increasing spatial distance, using shielded wires for signal lines, and ensuring good grounding of the controller or driver to block communication channels and improve its anti-interference ability.

Solutions:

• Replacing ordinary wires with double shielded wires, the signal lines in the system are separated from wires with high current or high voltage to reduce electromagnetic interference ability.
• Filter out disturbance waves from the power grid using power filters, and add power filters to the input terminals of major electrical equipment under permissible conditions to reduce interference between devices within the system.
• It is best to use photoelectric blocking devices for signal transmission between devices. If conditions permit, pulse and directional signals should be transmitted using differential methods with photoelectric blocking. In rational loads (such as electromagnetic relays, solenoid valves), a resistance capacitance absorption or fast discharge circuit is added at both ends. Rational loads can experience a peak voltage of 10-100 times in the initial moment, if the operating frequency is above 20KHZ.

The Applications of Kaifull PRMCAS Hybrid Stepper Motors

The stepper motor is mainly used in the field of CNC machine tool manufacturing. The reason why it is mainly used in this field is that the motor does not require A/D conversion and can directly convert digital pulse signals into angular displacement, which is exactly what CNC machine tool equipment needs and cannot be achieved by many other types of motors. Therefore, the stepper motor can be said to be the most ideal executive component of CNC machines, and it will naturally be widely used in the manufacturing field of CNC machines.

Stepper motors can also be used in many other machinery, such as motors in automatic feeding machines and general-purpose floppy disk drives. In addition, it can also be applied in printers and plotters.

Stepper motors have the characteristics of fast start stop and positioning, and are often used as actuators for position control in the field of digital control. In the fast operation of a stepper motor, it is required that the driving circuit provide the driving current to the stepper motor winding as close as possible to the technical specifications required to generate sufficient torque. The maximum allowable temperature on the surface of the stepper motor. Stepper motors are used in conjunction with drivers, and many drivers support subdivision function, which achieves very small step angles and more precise control. The torque of the stepper motor will decrease as the speed increases. The accuracy of a general stepper motor is 3-5% of the stepper angle and does not accumulate. The stepper motor can operate normally at low speeds, but cannot start above a certain speed, accompanied by a whistling sound.

Widely used in ATM machines, inkjet printers, engraving machines, photo machines, spraying equipment, medical instruments and equipment, computer peripherals and massive storage devices, precision instruments, industrial control systems, office automation, robots and other fields, especially suitable for applications that require smooth operation, low noise, fast response, long service life, and high output torque.

Machine tool industry

Stepper motors are widely used in the machine tool industry, mainly for controlling the feed and positioning of machine tools. In CNC machine tools, stepper motors can accurately control the machining position and speed of workpieces, thereby achieving high-precision machining. In addition, stepper motors can also be used to control the automatic feeding and tool changing functions of machine tools.

Automation equipment

Stepper motors are also widely used in automation equipment, such as automated production lines, automated packaging machines, automated handling robots, etc. Stepper motors can accurately control the movement and position of equipment, thereby achieving efficient automated production.

Electronic devices

Stepper motors also have certain applications in electronic devices, such as in various stages of electronic product production, such as solder paste printing, SMT placement, reflow soldering, visual inspection, production of cables with terminals, dispensing machines, screen laminating machines, etc. They can also be used in many devices, such as ATMs, vending machines, 3D printers, scanners, printers, etc.

Medical equipment

Stepper motors are also applied in medical equipment, such as medical robots, surgical instruments, etc. Stepping motors can accurately control the movement and position of robots and surgical instruments, thereby achieving high-precision surgery and treatment.

The automotive industry

Stepping motors are also applied in the automotive industry, such as seat adjusters, air conditioning door controllers, and so on. The stepper motor can precisely control the position and movement of car seats and air conditioning doors, thereby improving the comfort and safety of the car.

In the field of robotics

Stepping motors are also widely used in the field of robotics, such as industrial robots, service robots, etc. Stepping motors can accurately control the motion and position of robots, thereby achieving efficient production and service.

In summary, stepper motors have a wide range of applications in many fields, and their high accuracy, fast response speed, and convenient control make them the core components of many automation equipment. With the continuous progress of technology, the application fields of stepper motors will continue to expand and deepen.

2. Hybrid Stepper Motor General Technical Specifications

3. Hybrid Stepper motor Performance Datasheet

4. Mechanical Dimensions (in mm)

5. Wiring Diagram

6. Torque Speed Curves