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Radial flux Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)
The permanent magnet synchronous generator is a device that transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy delivered by the prime mover of the generator.
It is also known as an alternator, it is called a synchronous generator because its rotation speed is equal to the rotating speed of the field at the stator of the generator called synchronous speed.
In a permanent magnet synchronous generator, there is no need for slip rings and carbon brushes, which makes the machine less expensive, and lightweight, and maintenance of the generator also decreases.
The structure
The permanent magnet generator is mainly composed of a rotor, end cover, and stator. The structure of the stator is very similar to that of an ordinary alternator. The biggest difference between the structure of the rotor and the alternator is that there are high-quality According to the position of the permanent magnet on the rotor, the permanent magnet generator is usually divided into a surface rotor structure and a built-in rotor structure.
Working Principle
The permanent magnet generator uses the principle of electromagnetic induction in that the wire cuts the magnetic field line to induce an electric potential and converts the mechanical energy of the prime mover into electrical energy output. It consists of two parts, the stator, and the rotor. The stator is the armature that generates the electricity and the rotor is the magnetic pole. The stator is composed of an armature iron core, uniformly discharged three-phase winding, machine base, and end cover.
The rotor is usually a hidden pole type, which is composed of excitation winding, iron core and shaft, guard ring, center ring, and so on.
The excitation winding of the rotor is fed with DC current to generate a magnetic field close to the sinusoidal distribution (called the rotor magnetic field), and its effective excitation flux intersects with the stationary armature winding. When the rotor rotates, the rotor's magnetic field rotates together with it. Every time a revolution is made, the magnetic lines of force cut each phase winding of the stator in sequence, and a three-phase AC potential is induced in the three-phase stator winding.
When the pm generator is running with a symmetrical load, the three-phase armature current synthesizes to generate a rotating magnetic field with synchronous speed. The stator and rotor fields interact to generate braking torque. The mechanical torque input from the turbine overcomes the braking torque and works.
Features
① The generator has many poles, which improve the frequency and efficiency, saving the cost of rectifiers and inverters.
② Finite Element Analysis is used when designing the generator, compact structure. Low startup torque, solves the problem of small wind startup, improving wind energy utilization.
③ Leave out the gear increaser, improve the reliability and efficiency of the generator, and lower the amount of maintenance.
④ H class insulation, vacuum pressure impregnation.
⑤ Have many structures such as vertical axis, horizontal axis, internal rotor, external rotor, and plate type.
⑥ Strong rotors, the generator could achieve high speed.
⑦ Small size, lightweight, high energy density, suitable for special situations.
⑧ Run efficiency throughout the whole speed range, high efficiency.
⑨ Use imported high-speed oil-contained bearings, maintenance free, and high reliability.
By matching the power and speed of the generator to that of the wind turbine, the power system becomes more efficient. No gearboxes are needed, and the efficiency of the alternator exceeds 90%.
2. Variable speed generators provide a solution for Hydro Industry.
Increased efficiency from variable speed technology could make many more small hydro sites economically feasible to develop.
Qingdao ENNENG Motor Co., Ltd is a global supplier which focuses on permanent magnet generators and energy-saving solutions. We provide customized 5KW to 2MW Permanent Magnet Generators suitable for Wind turbines, Hydro turbines, and other renewable energy systems. With strong flexibility and competitive capabilities, we can help clients to customize the overall new energy system solution. ENNENG team has delivered many generators to the industry in Europe, America, Africa, and other countries and is working on many different projects, at all speeds (from standard speed to direct drive). We’re living our promise to the planet by offering only products with environmental benefits and operating with a zero-carbon footprint.