A stainless steel 180-degree elbow is a crucial fitting in piping systems, designed to create a sharp turn in the piping layout. Typically made from high-quality stainless steel, such as grades 304 or 316, it offers excellent corrosion resistance, durability, and strength, making it ideal for various applications, including food processing, chemical industries, and HVAC systems.
These elbows help direct the flow of fluids or gases, minimizing the pressure drop and optimizing flow efficiency. The design features a smooth interior, which reduces turbulence and potential clogging. Depending on the application, they can be produced in different wall thicknesses, ensuring they can withstand extreme temperatures and pressures.
The manufacturing process often involves forging, which enhances strength and integrity. Dimensions and standards may conform to various metrics, such as ANSI, ASTM, or DIN, ensuring compatibility with existing piping systems. Additionally, stainless steel elbows are available in different sizes and configurations to accommodate diverse installation requirements.
Installation is usually straightforward, using welding, threaded connections, or flanged joints, depending on the system design. Maintenance is generally easy, as stainless steel resists staining and rust, contributing to longevity and reduced replacement needs.
Chemical Composition:
Grade WP | UNS | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Ni | Cr | Mo | Ti | N | Others |
WP304 | S30400 | 0.08 max | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 8.0-11.0 | 18.0-20.0 | ... | ... | ... | ... |
WP304L | S30403 | 0.03 max | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 8.0-12.0 | 18.0-20.0 | ... | ... | ... | ... |
WP304H | S30409 | 0.04-0.10 | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 8.0-11.0 | 18.0-20.0 | ... | ... | ... | ... |
WP309 | S30900 | 0.20 max | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 12.0-15.0 | 22.0-24.0 | ... | ... | ... | ... |
WP310S | S31008 | 0.08 max | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 19.0-22.0 | 24.0-26.0 | ... | ... | ... | ... |
WP310H | S31009 | 0.04-0.10 | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 19.0-22.0 | 24.0-26.0 | ... | ... | ... | ... |
WP316 | S31600 | 0.08 max | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 10.0-14.0 | 16.0-18.0 | 2.0-3.0 | ... | ... | ... |
WP316L | S31603 | 0.03 max | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 10.0-14.0 | 16.0-18.0 | 2.0-3.0 | ... | ... | ... |
WP317 | S31700 | 0.08 max | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 11.0-15.0 | 18.0-20.0 | 3.0-4.0 | ... | ... | ... |
WP317L | S31703 | 0.03 max | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 11.0-15.0 | 18.0-20.0 | 3.0-4.0 | ... | ... | ... |
WP321 | S32100 | 0.08 max | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 9.0-12.0 | 17.0-19.0 | ... | 5x(C+N) -0.07 | ... | ... |
WP321H | S32109 | 0.04-0.10 | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 9.0-12.0 | 17.0-19.0 | ... | 4x(C+N) -0.07 | ... | ... |
WP347 | S34700 | 0.08 max | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 9.0-12.0 | 17.0-19.0 | ... | ... | ... | Nb 10xC-1.1 |
WP347H | S34709 | 0.04-0.10 | 2.00 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 9.0-12.0 | 17.0-19.0 | ... | ... | ... | Nb 8xC-1.1 |
WPS31254 | S31254 | 0.02 max | 1.00 max | 0.03 max | 0.01 max | 0.08 max | 17.5-18.5 | 19.5-20.5 | 6.0-6.5 | ... | 0.18-0.25 | Cu 0.5-1.0 |
WPS31803 | S31803 | 0.03 max | 2.00 max | 0.03 max | 0.02 max | 1.00 max | 4.5-6.5 | 21.0-23.0 | 2.5-3.5 | ... | 0.08-0.20 | ... |
WPS32205 | S32205 | 0.03 max | 2.00 max | 0.03 max | 0.02 max | 1.00 max | 4.5-6.5 | 22.0-23.0 | 3.0-3.5 | ... | 0.14-0.20 | ... |
WPS32750 | S32750 | 0.03 max | 1.2 max | 0.035 max | 0.02 max | 0.8 max | 6.0-8.0 | 24.0-26.0 | 3.0-5.0 | ... | 0.24-0.32 | Cu 0.5 max |
... |
Mechanical Properties:
Grade WP | Solution Anneal Temperature, min, °F(°C) | Yield Strength min, ksi (MPa) | Tensile Strength min, ksi (MPa) | Elongation in 2 in. or 50mm, min (%) | HBW max |
WP304 | 1900(1040) | 30(205) | 75(515) | 28 | ... |
WP304L | 1900(1040) | 25(170) | 70(485) | 28 | ... |
WP304H | 1900(1040) | 30(205) | 75(515) | 28 | ... |
WP309 | 1900(1040) | 30(205) | 75(515) | 28 | ... |
WP310S | 1900(1040) | 30(205) | 75(515) | 28 | ... |
WP310H | 1900(1040) | 30(205) | 75(515) | 28 | ... |
WP316 | 1900(1040) | 30(205) | 75(515) | 28 | ... |
WP316L | 1900(1040) | 25(170) | 70(485) | 28 | ... |
WP317 | 1900(1040) | 30(205) | 75(515) | 28 | ... |
WP317L | 1900(1040) | 30(205) | 75(515) | 28 | ... |
WP321 | 1900(1040) | 30(205) | 75(515) | 28 | ... |
WP321H | 1925(1050) | 30(205) | 75(515) | 28 | ... |
WP347 | 1900(1040) | 30(205) | 75(515) | 28 | ... |
WP347H | 1925(1050) | 30(205) | 75(515) | 28 | ... |
WPS31254 | 2100(1150) | 44(300) | 94(650) to 119(820) | 28 | ... |
WPS31803 | 1870-2010(1020-1100) | 65(450) | 90(620) | 20 | 290 |
WPS32205 | 1870-2010(1020-1100) | 65(450) | 95(655) | 20 | 290 |
WPS32750 | 1920-2060(1025-1125) | 80(550) | 116(800)-140(965) | 15 | 310 |
... |
Dimension of 180 Degree Elbow:
| ||||||
Nominal Size | Outside Diameter at Bevel (mm) | Center to Center | Back to Face | |||
180° Returns | ||||||
DN | NPS | O.D. | O | K | ||
LR | SR | LR | SR | |||
15 | 1/2 | 21.3 | 76 | - | 48 | - |
20 | 3/4 | 26.7 | 76 | - | 51 | - |
25 | 1 | 33.4 | 76 | 51 | 56 | 41 |
32 | 1 1/4 | 42.2 | 95 | 64 | 70 | 52 |
40 | 1 1/2 | 48.3 | 114 | 76 | 83 | 62 |
50 | 2 | 60.3 | 152 | 102 | 106 | 81 |
65 | 2 1/2 | 73.0 | 190 | 127 | 132 | 100 |
80 | 3 | 88.9 | 229 | 152 | 159 | 121 |
90 | 3 1/2 | 101.6 | 267 | 178 | 184 | 140 |
100 | 4 | 114.3 | 305 | 203 | 210 | 159 |
125 | 5 | 141.3 | 381 | 254 | 262 | 197 |
150 | 6 | 168.3 | 457 | 305 | 313 | 237 |
200 | 8 | 219.1 | 610 | 406 | 414 | 313 |
250 | 10 | 273.0 | 762 | 508 | 518 | 391 |
300 | 12 | 323.8 | 914 | 609 | 619 | 467 |
350 | 14 | 355.6 | 1067 | 711 | 711 | 533 |
400 | 16 | 406.4 | 1219 | 813 | 813 | 610 |
450 | 18 | 457.0 | 1372 | 914 | 914 | 686 |
500 | 20 | 508.0 | 1524 | 1016 | 1016 | 762 |
550 | 22 | 559.0 | 1676 | 1118 | 1118 | 838 |
600 | 24 | 610.0 | 1829 | 1219 | 1219 | 914 |
650 | 26 | 660.0 | - | - | - | - |
700 | 28 | 711.0 | - | - | - | - |
750 | 30 | 762.0 | - | - | - | - |
800 | 32 | 813.0 | - | - | - | - |
850 | 34 | 864.0 | - | - | - | - |
900 | 36 | 914.0 | - | - | - | - |
950 | 38 | 965.0 | - | - | - | - |
1000 | 40 | 1016.0 | - | - | - | - |
1050 | 42 | 1067.0 | - | - | - | - |
1100 | 44 | 1118.0 | - | - | - | - |
1150 | 46 | 1168.0 | - | - | - | - |
1200 | 48 | 1219.0 | - | - | - | - |
Applications:
1. Chemical Processing:
-Used in pipelines for transporting chemicals due to excellent corrosion resistance.
2. Oil and Gas Industry:
- Suitable for various piping systems, including offshore platforms where durability is crucial.
3. Food and Beverage:
-Commonly found in sanitary applications where hygiene is essential, such as in breweries and dairies.
4. Pharmaceuticals:
-Used in systems where cleanliness and contamination prevention are critical.
5. Water Treatment:
-Applied in municipal and industrial water systems due to resistance to rust and corrosion.
6. Marine Applications:
-Ideal for shipbuilding and marine infrastructure, given its resistance to saltwater corrosion.
7. HVAC Systems:
-Employed in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems for routing ducts and piping.