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A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. Transistors are one of the basic building blocks of modern electronics. It is composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit.
1. Naming
The term transistor was coined by John R. Pierce as a contraction of the term transresistance. According to Lillian Hoddeson and Vicki Daitch, authors of a biography of John Bardeen, Shockley had proposed that Bell Labs' first patent for a transistor should be based on the field-effect and that he be named as the inventor.
2. Point-Contact Transistor
In 1948, the point-contact transistor was independently invented by German physicists Herbert Mataré and Heinrich Welker while working at the Compagnie des Freins et Signaux Westinghouse, a Westinghouse subsidiary located in Paris. Mataré had previous experience in developing crystal rectifiers from silicon and germanium in the German radar effort during World War II. Using this knowledge, he began researching the phenomenon of "interference" in 1947.
3. Source-Drain Ratings and Characteristics
Parameter | Typ- | Max. | |
Is | Continuous Source Current (Body Diode) | — | 49 |
Ism | Pulsed Source Current (Body Diode)① | — | 160 |
VsD | Diode Forward Voltage | — | 1.3 |
trr | Reverse Recovery Time | 63 | 95 |
Qrr | Reverse Recovery Charge | 170 | 260 |