The open flow channel design of the STRO device significantly reduces the risk of fouling and promotes turbulence through internal reinforcement ribs, effectively reducing concentration polarization, thereby greatly improving the membrane's resistance to fouling and ease of cleaning.

Definition and Overview:
STRO (Super Thin Reverse Osmosis) is an ultra-thin reverse osmosis device, which is a high-efficiency water treatment device based on the principle of reverse osmosis. It uses a special reverse osmosis membrane to purify water, which can effectively remove impurities such as salt, organic matter, and microorganisms in the water, and plays an important role in many water treatment fields.

Working Principle:
Similar to traditional reverse osmosis equipment, STRO is also driven by pressure difference. When the incoming water contacts the ultra-thin reverse osmosis membrane under high pressure, due to the semi-permeability of the membrane, water molecules can pass through the membrane, while solutes in the water (such as salt ions, organic molecules, colloidal particles, etc.) are retained. The ultra-thin reverse osmosis membrane in the STRO device has a special structure and performance. Its membrane thickness is relatively thin, which makes it easier for water molecules to pass through, so that an efficient reverse osmosis process can be achieved at a lower pressure. For example, when treating high-salinity industrial wastewater, water passes through the STRO membrane under appropriate pressure, the salt is blocked on one side of the membrane, and the fresh water passes through the membrane to the other side.

Main components:
Membrane assembly:
The core of STRO is its ultra-thin reverse osmosis membrane assembly. These membrane assemblies are usually in a roll or hollow fiber structure. The roll membrane assembly is a carefully wound ultra-thin reverse osmosis membrane, a guide net and a central tube. Water enters from the outside of the membrane. Under pressure, water molecules pass through the membrane into the central tube, and impurities are trapped on the outside of the membrane. The hollow fiber membrane assembly is composed of many hollow fiber membranes. Water enters from the outside of the fiber membrane and pure water is obtained inside the fiber membrane. The design of this membrane assembly enables the equipment to purify water efficiently.

High-pressure pump:
Provides the necessary power for the reverse osmosis process. It can generate high enough pressure to enable the influent to overcome the osmotic pressure and pass through the ultra-thin reverse osmosis membrane. Depending on the different influent water quality and treatment requirements, the pressure of the high-pressure pump is generally between 1-10MPa. For example, in seawater desalination applications, due to the high osmotic pressure of seawater, a higher pressure (usually around 5-7MPa) may be required to push seawater through the STRO membrane.

Pretreatment system:
Including mechanical filters (such as quartz sand filters), activated carbon filters, etc. Quartz sand filters are mainly used to remove larger suspended particles in water, such as mud, rust, etc. It is filled with quartz sand inside, and when water passes through, the suspended matter is intercepted by quartz sand particles. Activated carbon filters remove organic matter, residual chlorine, odor and some heavy metals in water through the adsorption of activated carbon, providing better quality water for the subsequent reverse osmosis process.

Post-treatment system (configured according to specific needs):
May include pH adjustment device, ultraviolet sterilizer, ion exchange resin bed, etc. If the pH value of the reverse osmosis effluent does not meet the requirements, the pH value can be adjusted by adding acid-base regulator. Ultraviolet sterilizer is used to kill residual bacteria and microorganisms in the water to ensure the microbial safety of the effluent. When preparing ultrapure water, the ion exchange resin bed can further remove the trace ions remaining in the water, making the water purer.

Performance characteristics:
High separation efficiency:
The STRO equipment has a high removal rate of various impurities in water. The removal rate of salts can usually reach more than 95% - 99%, and it also has excellent removal effects on impurities such as organic matter and microorganisms. For example, when treating chemical wastewater, it can effectively remove heavy metal ions and organic pollutants in the wastewater, so that the treated water quality meets the discharge standard or reuse standard.

Strong anti-pollution ability:
Due to the special structure and material of its ultra-thin reverse osmosis membrane, the STRO device has good anti-pollution performance. The membrane surface is relatively smooth and not easy to be attached by pollutants, and it can reduce the accumulation of dirt through a certain self-cleaning mechanism during operation. This enables the equipment to maintain stable operation for a long time when treating complex water quality (such as wastewater containing high concentrations of organic matter, colloids, etc.), reducing the number of frequent membrane cleaning.

High flux:
The amount of liquid (flux) passing through the STRO membrane per unit time is large. Compared with some traditional reverse osmosis equipment, under the same pressure and water quality conditions, the STRO equipment can treat more water, thereby improving the treatment efficiency. For example, in industrial wastewater treatment, a higher flux can speed up wastewater treatment and reduce treatment costs.

Relatively low operating pressure:
Thanks to the characteristics of the ultra-thin reverse osmosis membrane, the STRO device can operate at a relatively low pressure in some cases. This not only reduces the energy consumption of the equipment, but also reduces the requirements for components such as high-pressure pumps, prolongs the service life of the equipment, and also helps to reduce operating costs.

Wide range of applications:
It can be applied to a variety of water treatment fields, including industrial wastewater treatment (such as wastewater from the chemical, printing and dyeing, electroplating, papermaking and other industries), seawater desalination, drinking water purification, food processing wastewater treatment, etc. Whether it is high-salinity wastewater, high-organic wastewater or micro-polluted water source, the STRO device can play its purification role.

Application field:
Industrial wastewater treatment:
In the chemical industry, it is used to treat wastewater containing high concentrations of salts and organic pollutants. The water resources in it can be recovered through the STRO device, while reducing pollution to the environment. In the printing and dyeing industry, it can remove impurities such as dyes and auxiliaries in the printing and dyeing wastewater, so that the treated water can be reused, reducing the water cost of printing and dyeing enterprises.

Desalination:

As an efficient desalination technology, STRO equipment can separate salt and other impurities from seawater to produce fresh water for drinking or industrial production. In coastal areas and islands, it provides an effective solution to the problem of fresh water shortage. Drinking water

purification:

It can remove harmful substances such as heavy metals (such as lead, mercury, etc.), bacteria, viruses, pesticide residues, etc. in water to improve the quality of drinking water. In rural areas, for contaminated groundwater or surface water, STRO equipment can purify it into safe drinking water.

Food processing industry:

It is used to treat wastewater in the food processing process, remove organic matter, microorganisms and other impurities, and realize the recycling of water resources, reducing wastewater discharge and water resource waste in food processing enterprises.